Electric switch



y 1950 e. F. E. GALEY E-TAL 2,516,

ELECTRIC SWITCH Filed Oct. 7, 1948 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Arry:

y 1950 F. E. GALEY ET AL 2,516,561

ELECTRIC SWITCH Filed 00%;. 7, 1948 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 y 5, 1950 e. F. E. GALEY ETAL 2,516,561

ELECTRIC SWITCH Filed Oct. 7, 1948 3 Sheets-$heet 3 WW JW W M Patented July 25, 1950 ELECTRIC SWITCH Georges Fernand Emile Galey and Paul Marcel Lucien Galey, Paris, France Application October 7 In France 12 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in electric switches in general and more particularly to devices of this character for use on motor vehicles for controlling the direction signals, auxiliary headlamps or like indicators.

One object of the invention is to provide a switch of this character which may be selectively operated either by hand or by the steering wheel of the vehicle to energize the indicators while the steering wheel is rotated in either direction, and will be returned to neutral or inoperative position by said steering wheel after a turn has been completed, the operating way of the switch thus being at will semi-automatic or automatic.

Another object of the invention is to provide a switch of the aforesaid character which embodies a novel construction of parts through the medium of which the switch may be readily and quickly installed on any type of vehicles even of different gear reducing ratio for the steering control.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following specification, with reference to the accompanying drawing given by way of example and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a bottom plan view of an embodiment of the switch according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a section along the longitudinal axis of symmetry 22 of the switch shown in Fig. 1, showing the latter mounted on the steering column of a vehicle;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the switch shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a double-scale view, corresponding to Fig. 3, the upper wall of the case being cut away in order to show the mechanism of the switch in the inoperative position;

Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig. 4, of the switch in the operative position;

Fig. 6 is a section along the line 66 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a section along the line 1-! of Fig. 2;

Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 show diagrammatically various intermediate positions of the mechanism of the switch.

As shown in the drawing, the mechanism of the switch is enclosed in a housing 30 secured by means of screws 3| and nuts 32 (Figs. 1, 2 and '7) to the arms 33 (Figs. 1, 2, 6, '7) of a U-shaped supporting bracket 34, the base 35 of which is of suitable shape for enabling said bracket to be arranged on the steering column 36 of the vehicle adjacent the hub 31 of the steering wheel, and

. secured to said column by suitable fixing means such as a collar 38 adapted to be tightened by a nut equipped bolt 39.

The arms 33 of the bracket 34 have a marginal 1948, Serial No. 53,216

ctober 7, 1947 bent portion 4|] forming an abutment edge (Fig. 7) against which is held by means of nuts 32 an insulating base plate 4|, the contour of which is of substantially complemental shape to that of the housing 30 (Fig. 6). On the upper face of the base plate 4| and between the arms 33 is arranged an abutment plate 42 (Figs. 2 and 6) provided on its lower face with downwardly projecting pins 43 adapted to engage and pass through longitudinal elongated openings 44 of the plate 4|, whereby it is possible to move the abutment plate 42 longitudinally with respect to the base plate 4| and to retain it in a predetermined position by means of nuts 45 which are screwed on the free end of the pins 43 and tightened against the plate 4| with the interposition of washers 46. The base plate 4| is provided at its middle with a third longitudinal opening 41, through which passes a downwardly projecting pin 48 secured to the abutment plate 42. A helical spring 49 is tensioned between said pin 48 and the lower end of a vertical shaft 50 which is adapted to bear against the edge 5| of the abutment plate 42 (Figs. 2, 6) by one of the faces of a rectangular cam member 52 which is secured to said shaft and the thickness of which is substantially equal to that of the abutment plate 42. The portion of the shaft 5|! located above the cam 52 is mounted for rotation in a sleeve 53 secured by its lower end to a plate 54 (Figs. 2, 4, 5) supporting the mechanism proper of the switch. The plate 54 rests against the abutment plate 42 and can slide between the side walls of the housing 30. On the plate 54 is fixed an insulating plate 55 provided with an opening for the sleeve 53 to pass through and, on the opposite side to said opening, a raised portion 56 on which is adapted to pivot by means of a headed pin 51, a first lever 58 or automatic control lever (Figs. 2, 4, 5), one end or outer end of which projects beyond the raised portion 56 of the insulating plate 55 toward the steering column. The lever 58 is provided at its other end with a projection 59 that projects downwards in a longitudinal slot 6! provided in a second lever 6| which is mounted for rotation about the sleeve 53 and rests on the insulating plate 55.

The lever 53 is also provided with a longitudinal slot 62 in which engages a projection 63 carried by one end of a third lever 64 or manual control lever having its other end secured to a bushing 65. The bushing is mounted for rotation about the shaft 50 and projects upwards through an elongated opening 66 (Figs. 2, 3) provided. in the upper wall of the housing 30. Preferably a resilian washer 61 is interposed between the lever 64 and the wall of the housing 38. The bushing 65 includes an extension 68 projecting beyond the wall of the housing and having for example a square cross-section for the reception of a hub 69 of corresponding square inner cross-section. A radial finger lever 10 secured to the hub 69 enables th'ethird' let er? to be iotated.

At theupper end of the shaft'58', which projects beyond the extension 68 of the bushing 65, is fixed by means of a clamping screw II a terminal hub 12 provided with a radial lever 13 whichenables the cam member 52 to be rotated and brought into two positions of stable 'equilibrium corresponding to the small or to thelar'ge edges of the cam member, whereby a translatorymovement equal to half the difference between-the lengths of said edges may be imparted to the plate 54 supporting the mechanism of the switch.

The second lever 6 Dis provided with two lateral 1? nwardly prem ums 14 and lfi (Figs; 4 and 5) betwe'errsaietiug-s 'th'e ne' hand,-'-"and--two studs 6 ahd"ll set ufed and 'projecting' from the piperiace he insulating plate' 55 011 the thei liand, are tretc'hed two' helicaltension spfings 18 'and' 'l9 hich -te'nd to' keepthelever 61 11; an 'interrrfediate 'or inoiirative position as shoiiln i The len'gth of the-slot of the 'second" lever Mil lS 'SlIC1 l"- liat le'VeY EB-L'may' be moved away" from --"-its' '11'eiitra1 position (Fig; 49 between two deflected -ifi -wh-ich the lev'er's ES and-El ch' i's atdnost equal to- 90.

5lf-so that the ystem QtIevers-Esend GI 1 he aror esaiaangre is equal er tha'n 90 a-slighttorque cally bnfib'acl paralleI to 'the springs "18 and i |9. "--l3eti2v'een thebIade BD on the one hand'and d spring'sand leVer bri-theother hand is wedged str'ip 0f resilient iiis'ulla ti'ng material 82.

th'e ei idsof the b1ad'e 80 against one o'f the posts 83 or 84 and closes one or the -other 'of the'circuits (fiOl'f SHOWn or the-indicators df the Vehicle. 'Ihe postsr8i'i '83 and 84are-p'ermanently convertowardstherever a Fig E 4) and Symmetri ted to' three corresponding terminals 85'; 86',

censure theelectric =connection between the 4 terminals irrespective of the position of the sliding plate 54. A pilot bulb 94 is preferably connected across the terminals 83 and 84 so as to light when a direction indicator is actuated. Said bulb illuminates a window 95 (Figs. 2 and 3) provided in the wall of the casing.

The switch is mounted below the hub 31 of the'steering wheel :irr-s'uch -a manner that the outer end of the firstlev'er58 is located on the in path 96 of at least one finger such as 9'! projecting from under the hub of the steering wheel @Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5). As shown in the drawing, the outer end of the lever 58 has for example a front edge i flivhich isat right angle to the longitudinal -"-l5-"axis-"of -the switch when the lever 58 is in the :positionof-stable equilibrium or inoperative position and two symmetrical side edges 99 and H10.

On each side of the outer end of the lever 58 areprovided two angular notches Illi and I02 respectively having *a longitudinal side and a ""tr''ansverse side. al1y', *-between the' head of the pin fl and th pper f ace o'f the first lever 58 is arranged a-" r'c'lting' abutnint member 103 which is mo'unted ior rotation about -s'aid pin, preferablywith -=theinterposition' between the 7 head'of the pin' hd said nier nber of a resilient mean's such 'a's il-ie'n washer o'r a srriall spring riot -"shown) ereb aid member is' aida pted serrations-11 enga'ge the upper fac i said 3 o i'eve'r- 5 3. Th'e member-1'03: is rorexampie'rormed --'by a flat member' havin 'tw ynii netrical side "edgesiil4-'and iil5 such a the radial distance between said idges and th axis oi th'e pin -fl is slightly '-greater thamthe distance betweeriany :15 point of-"the outer-end 0f th e 'leVer' E B 'a'nd the axis or said pin. The es' l il l and WEI-which 5 "aretobeerigagedb'y the ng'er'9l3 as'w l-be seen 1 hereinafter; prfer abli -have a 'r ou'gh or' t'ootlied 1 suriace-whereby'an efficient' frictional orabutting i o engagement of the finger witl'l' the member "1 83 is obtained.

Y The member 1 83 is 'preirabl of' suificiently srriall thiclnes's to enable it readili'r to penetrate between the first lever 5 8 and the' third; lever -64 '(-Fig ."-'5 whic may -fo example be-"slightly spaced epart tion one-"another (FigZ m The width- OP -the eir'iber l' fl3 -fshould furthermore besufficirit oen'able-said member'to'abutagainst "the projection e3"or tne tnira-1ever s4 in such a 59 manner that said member 'ca'ri ro'ck betw'een 'two i lirii iting pdsitionsz ohe of Rtrhictiis shown iii' Fig. 5. The member 33 is preferably provided with astopsm6ada tsa -to e operate with a terminal 'i flat jportion i tprevided at the' end' of the" lever 6d adjae'nti't 'e pin fil "'4) the distancebetween the stop I86 anl th 'flat seitien mw being sufficieritly sinall' se tlr'ia he lever system being in its neutral peer-tiers, theiii'r'nber M3 "cannot rocl ilfreely on either side' pf its "or-inal" p0sition (Fig.'4-.) lf -on the path 'of the inger-'91; -whieh wefiie -b liable to prevent the switch rrom operanng afl the opportune moment.

The apparatus operates as follows: The case will 'irstbeetiiilsidiered irfthihli the switch is fmoiintedon? a vhi'clwprovided with only a slightly g'eareddown 'steeringcontrol, i: e. 'the' total -'rotationot the steering wheel in' either direction lessthanbne retol'u'ti'on-anda an. this-fca' se-"the rocking 'adtmentmember I83 7c is eliminated and itis any: necessary to -eliminate from the ensuing descrip-tionl li'he cam member 52 is poem-enema as tofbe'ar "against the edge 5| of-"the plate '42 alonga,I irge sid; this position corresponding to the so 'alfew automatic operation*o'f tl ieswitchf The plate 42 is adjusted relatively to the steering column by, means of the nuts 45, in such a manner that, if the lever 58 is in its neutral position the finger 91 abuts against the longitudinal side of one or other of the notches IIJI and H12 preferably as close as possible to the edge 98 (Fig. 4)

The neutral position of the finger corresponding to a straight travel of the vehicle being for example that shown at 91a (Fig. 3), if the driver turns the steering wheel in the direction of the arrow 3, the finger 91 encounters the longitudinal side of the notch I02, causes the lever 58 to rock (Fig. 5) and at the same time urges the plate 54 and moves it in the direction of the arrow is against the action of the spring 49, the finger 9! being thus engaged in the notch I82. The blade 88 comes into contact with the post 84 thus causing the corresponding indicator to be operated.

If at this instant the driver turns the steering wheel in the opposite direction, the finger 9! abuts against the transverse side of the notch I82 and returns the lever 58 to its original position while the circuit of the indicator is opened. If, on the other hand, the driver keeps on turning the steering wheel in the direction of the arrow ii, the finger 91 passes over the position which it occupies in Fig. 5 and again urges the lever 58 together with the plate 54 in the direction of the arrow is; after it has passed over this position, the plate 54 is retracted by the spring 49, while the lever 58 remains in one of the aforesaid deflected positions. The driver can thus keep on turning the steering wheel until the finger 81 again assumes a position adjacent the lever 58, the finger having thus effected a rotation at the most equal to a revolution and a half. At this instant, the limiting angle of rotation of the steering wheel is reached as assumed and there is no danger of the finger again abutting against the lever. During the return travel of the steering wheel the finger 91 abuts against the front edge 98 of the lever 58 and returns the latter to its neutral or inoperative position shown in Fig. 4.

In the case in which the total rotation of the steering wheel is less than one revolution, use may advantageously be made of two symmetrical fingers such as those shown, in the neutral position of the steering wheel, at 91?) and 910 in such,

a manner as to cover a suitable arc of a circle which may for example be slightly larger than that occupied by the outer end of the lever 58 so that the inoperative period between the beginning of the rotation of the steering wheel and the in stant when one of the fingers actuates the lever 58 is reduced to a desired minimum extent. If it is desired to obtain the same result with a steering wheel whose total rotation is greater than one revolution but less than one revolution and a half, it is only necessary to use two fingers 91b and 910 located in different planes and respectively adapted to actuate two separate switches.

When it is desired to use the switch in the semi-automatic manner, the shaft 50 is rotated by means of the lever 13 in such a manner as to cause the cam member 52 to bear with its small side against the edge 5i of the plate 42. The cam member 52 so calculated that the translation in the direction of the arrow f2 effected by the mechanism is such that when the lever 58 is in the neutral position (Fig. 4), the distance between the front edge 98 of said lever and the axis of rotation of the steering wheel isslightly greater '6 than the radius of the path of the finger 91, suchwise the finger 9'1 can only encounter the lever 58 when said lever is in one of its deflected or operative positions.

In this case, before turning the steering wheel, the driver actuates the switch in the suitable direction by means of the lever 19 to bring the lever 58 into a deflected position of unstable equilibrium. While the steering wheel is being rotated, the finger 91 encounters one or other of the side edges 99, I88 and pushes back the mechanism as hereinbefore described; during the return travel of the steering wheel, the projection abuts against the edge 98 of the lever 58 and returns the same to the neutral position. The operation is the same in the case in which two juxtaposed or superposed fingers are used.

In the case of an only slightly geared down steering control which has just been described, only one contact therefore occurs between a finger and the lever 58 during one complete rotation of the steering wheel, the number of projections being equal to 1 or to 2.

In the case in which the switch is mounted on a vehicle having a highly geared down steering control, i. e. the complete rotation of the steering wheel is greater than one revolution and a half but less than two revolutions and a half, said switch should be provided with the rocking abutment member I 03, since it will be understood that in this case two successive contacts occur between a finger and the lever during one total rotation of the steering wheel, so that during'the return travel of the steering wheel, the first of said contacts returns the lever to the neutral position and the second contact actuates the lever in the opposite direction and causes an untimely operation of the other indicator whereas the return travel of the steering wheel is not yet finger and the first lever from completed.

The rocking abutment member I83 is precisely intended to prevent the first contact between a occurring during the return travel of the steering wheel. The operation of this member will be understoodby referring to Figs. 8, 9, l0 and 11. If the switch is in the automatic position (Figs. 2, 3), the driver turns for example the steering wheel in the direction of the arrow f3 (Fig. 8). The finger 91 abuts against the longitudinal edge of the notch Ifli and resiliently urges back the mechanism supporting plate 54 as hereinbefore described and places the lever 58 in a deflected position (Fig. 9).

As the driver keeps on turning the steering wheel in the direction of the arrow fa, the finger 97 comes in front of the side edge E04 of the member I83 (Fig. 9) and resiliently urges back the plate 54 by means of said member without engaging the lever 58 (Fig. !0) which is kept in its deflected position.

The rotation of the member Ill-3 is limited by the projection 63 of the lever 84 as hereinbefore described so that the edge I 84 of said member remains in the path of the finger 81 (Fig. 11). After it has passed the lever 58, the finger 9'! can still describe slightly less than one revolution, so that the total rotation of the steering wheel may reach two revolutions and a half. During the return travel of the steering wheel, in the opposite direction to the arrow is, the finger 91 abuts against the face 184 of the member I03 (Fig. 11),,rocks same and urges back the plate 54 without upsetting the equilibrium of the lever 58 (Figs. 10 and 9) and. after having described one revolution, abuts against the front edge '98 ot: the lever '58 i neutral: po'sition '(Fl ix8) and' returnssan to the 'JIt isepossible; as hereinbefore describ'ed; to -reduce the inoperative period betweenthefibegin- :cning ofithe:rotatiorr-o'f'the steering' wheel-and the .J: operation ofithe switch, by using-two symmetrical fingers "cooperatingwith one' or' 1 twoswitches. fiThei :choice Joi the number of fingers and their ;..ang'ular setting in the ease in 'which there are f:two;l obviously depends on the gear-down ratio of the steeringcc'ontrol 'of the vehicle used.

'I hesemi-automatic operation of thesW-itch is :ralthersamezas inithe casein which there is norook- -:;-*:ing abutment member.

1 By .way'of a modification; it is possible' to pro- -vide 'a' camtmember 52 which enables a t'hird stable position of the mechanism'to' be obtained,

::iin=.which-:theilever 58 is completely outside the iipatheof thewprojectiori 9T, 'evenwhen said lever "-iSt'in": an inclined position, the operation ofthe wswitchin this case being completely manual." *For ..-this*purpose, it is "only. necessary for example to make the rectangular cam =membe'r' 52 slightly eccentricxin its lengthwise direction; as 3 shown at 108 ('Fig; 6) in brokenlines.

=-I-Natural1y,the invention is not limited to the embodiments" described and illustrated, which have only beenegiven" by way-of illustrative and i1 non-limitativeexamples.

'Thus, -'it wouldbe possible *without exceeding the scope of'the-invention' to vary the inclination and the shape of the levers, cam and rocking w abutment--member,'the number and-therelative earrangementof the'projectionsand to combine a' plurality -'-of switches, according to require-1 I J ments.

Itwould also be possible to eliminate the-man- -ual levers t l and "ID-, themanu'al control of the switch being efiected through theme'diumof two symmetrical fingers such as 91b and91c-"which therefor are integral with a hand operable rotary portion'of the steering wheel.

"Ihe various parts of the switch, other than 'the electric'contacts, may be madeof metal-or of plastic material.

The use of the switch is. naturally not limited tothe control of road signals for vehicles suchas light signals, auxiliary" headlamps, and "the like,

* but also "extends 'to'the control ,of .any devices "whose operation lsdependent'onlthe' movement ing and slidably connected withxsaidfirst lever such wise that said levers are adaptedtotilt between two deflected positionsin-which'saidlevers are at anangle with one another which at most equals90", a contact member Selectivelyengaga able with said contacts and operable by-said second lever when the latter is in a-diefiected position, resilient means for biasing thesecond-lever -prising a-manuailly-opei'able lever operatively'connected with said first lever actua-ting the *same '-"to either ofsaid deflected positions.

1 3-.-- A switch comprising a housing, meansfor *mourlting the housing -onavehicle,- contacts 10 mounted in the housing; a first leverpivoted in thie housing and *provided with aprojecting-portion in operative relationwith a rotatable elementoi the-vehicle, asecondleverpivoted in the -housing and slida'bly connected with saidfirst lever suchvvise that saidlevers' are adapted-to tiltbetweentwo deflected positions in whichsald levers are-at an anglewith 'one another which at' most equal 90,- a contact' member selectively engageable with said. contacts and' oper'able by 1- said' second lever when the latter is in a deflected position, rsilienhnieans for biasing thesecond -levertoward an intermediate position whereby =said"first lever is inequilibriumin each oi said deflectedpositions, means. -ior"slidably' mounting 3 g said first lever in thehousing wherebysa-id first lever is resilie'ntly brought to one of said'defiected -positions upon-movement of said element in-one 'dire'ction am to said intermediate'position upon movement of said' element in the opposite direc- 3Q tion; and a manuall operable third'lever pivoted -in said housing and 'slidablyconnected-withsaid "first lever for actuating the same to either ofsaid A switch comprising a' housing adaptedto "-be attacjh'edto the-steering column of a vehicle i-and '-having an aperture through which a pro- -3'ecting""element rotatable with the steering wheel *is adapted to move, a-base'portion slidable in said "1101151115; v to and from said steering "column, a first lever pivoted -'in 'said *base-=portion and 'pro- 40" vided with a projecting'po'rtion projecting-in the path of "said element; a second lever pivoted on said' slidableba'se portion, aprojection carried fby 'said first 'lever-a'ndmovable-within aslot of the 'secondlever, saidslot being of such a-lengtn 245 that said levers are adapted to tilt between two --'symmetrical"- deflected'positions in which they are at an angle with one another which at most equals 90, switching means including fixed "contactsmOunted in saidbase'portion and a-motable contact member operable 'by said second lever" to selectively engage s'aid contacts, resilient means for biasing' *saidsecond lever toward an' inter- -mediateposition; whereby each of defiected and 'intermediate positions of'the-first levers is stable,

a'manuallyoperable'thirdlever-pivoted on said *slidable' -base-' portion and provided with a projection slidable in a slot of the first lever for operatively actuatingthe same to either of said de- "*flectedpositionsg-andresilient means for biasing gsaidslidab1e base-portion toward-the path of said projecting element.

5. In a=switch-as clairned in claim 4, a manually operable camme'n'iber pivoted within said housing and adapted to set the slidablebase 5 portion-in either-of two-stable positions, viz. a

projected po'si-tionsuch that saidq'proj'ecting portionofth first lever is in the path of said projecting element in each of its "deflected ahdinter- -mediate positions and a partly retracted posiatowa rd an intermediatepositionwhereby said that/Said fiiojcting por on is'on the Hfirst lever is in equilibrium -ineach of said deflected positions and means for slidably mounting said first lever in the housing -whereby-said *first lever is resiliently brought" to one' of -s'aid :indefiectedr positions upon': movement 3 of -*said= e1e-' 5 element rotatable with the steering wheel is adapted to move, a base portion slidable in said housing to and from said steering column, a first lever pivoted in said base portion and provided with a projecting portion projecting in the path of said element, a second lever pivoted on said slidable base portion and spring biased to a stable middle position, a projection carried by said first lever and movable within a slot of the second lever, said slot being of such a length that said levers are adapted to tilt between two stable deflected positions on either side of said middle position, switching means operable by said second lever, a manually operable third lever pivoted on said base portion about the same pivot as the second lever and adapted to tilt the first lever in either of its deflected positions, and a manually operable cam member pivoted about the aforesaid pivot on said base portion and adapted to cooperate with an abutting portion of said housing for setting the slidable base portion in two stable positions, viz. a projected position and a partly retracted position.

7. A switch as claimed in claim 6 wherein said abutting portion is slidably adjustable relatively to said housing.

8. A switch as claimed in claim 6 wherein said manually operable cam member is arranged and constructed so as to provide for said slidable base portion a third stable position such that said projecting portion of the first lever is constantly kept out of reach of said rotatable projecting element.

9. In a structure as claimed in claim 6, in addition to said projecting element, a second projecting element angularly spaced from the first one, both elements being normally arranged on opposite sides of said first lever for actuation of the same upon rotation of the steering wheel in opposite directions.

10. In a switch as claimed in claim 6, a rocking member pivoted on the same pivot as said first lever and adapted to rotate therewith when said lever is actuated, said rocking member having two symmetrical edges adapted to be engaged by a projecting element when the first lever is in a deflected position, and the radial distance between either edge and said pivot being slightly greater than the distance between any point of the projecting portion of said first lever and the pivot, suchwise that upon engagement with one of said edges of a projecting element, the latter urges away said rocking member and said first lever, without modifying the deflected position of said first lever.

11. A switch as claimed in claim 6, wherein said projecting portion of the first lever comprises two side edges respectively engageable by said projecting element when said first lever is in a middle position and a front edge engageable by said projecting element when said first lever is in a deflected position.

12. A switch as claimed in claim 11 wherein said projecting portion of the first lever comprises at its end adjacent the steering column two symmetrical notches having respectively a longitudinal side firstly engageable by said projecting element and a transverse side engageable by said element after said longitudinal side suchwise that said element is fitted over by a notch when passing said projecting portion.

GEORGES FERNAND EMILE GALEY. PAUL MARCEL LUCIEN GALEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Niunber Name Date 2,276,411 Moore Mar. 1'7, 1942 2,276,413 Moore Mar. 17, 1942 2,280,110 'vVeinen Apr. 21, 1942 2,282,709 Day May 12, 1942 2,284,936 Wilshusen June 2, 1942 2,299,876 Breeze Oct. 27, 1942 2,427,595 Fuller Sept. 16, 1947 

